Three billion years ago, life on Earth was simple. Single-celled organisms ruled, and there wasn’t much to them. They were what we now call prokaryotic cells, which include modern-day bacteria and archaea, essentially sacks of loose molecular parts. They swirled together in shallow, primordial brews or near deep-sea ocean vents, where they extracted energy from… Continue reading Meet the Eukaryote, the First Cell to Get Organized
Category: Quantum Stuff
Srinivasa Ramanujan Was a Genius. Math Is Still Catching Up.
One afternoon in January 2011, Hussein Mourtada leapt onto his desk and started dancing. He wasn’t alone: Some of the graduate students who shared his Paris office were there, too. But he didn’t care. The mathematician realized that he could finally confirm a sneaking suspicion he’d first had while writing his doctoral dissertation, which he’d… Continue reading Srinivasa Ramanujan Was a Genius. Math Is Still Catching Up.
See the Perseid Meteor Shower and Watch Tornado Hunters on the Big Screen
Rachel Feltman: Happy Monday, listeners! Let’s start the day off right by catching up on some of the science news you may have missed last week. For Scientific American’s Science Quickly, this is Rachel Feltman. This past Friday, a global outage hit Microsoft Windows devices and caused quite a kerfuffle. Flights all over the world… Continue reading See the Perseid Meteor Shower and Watch Tornado Hunters on the Big Screen
How Do Merging Supermassive Black Holes Pass the Final Parsec?
More prosaic solutions to the puzzle have also been floated over the years. Amid this slew of options — some mundane, some exotic — scientists are devising ways to test the possibilities against each other. “It’s almost taken for granted at this point by most of the community that the final-parsec problem is solved,” said… Continue reading How Do Merging Supermassive Black Holes Pass the Final Parsec?
Why Is It So Hard to Define a Species?
The “species” category is almost certainly the best known of all the taxonomic classifications that biologists use to organize life’s vast diversity. It’s a linchpin of both conservation policy and evolutionary theory, though in practice biologists have struggled to find a definition that works across the natural world. In this episode, Kevin de Queiroz, a… Continue reading Why Is It So Hard to Define a Species?
Big Advance on Simple-Sounding Math Problem Was a Century in the Making
There was just one wrinkle: Pasten had no exam to give his students. He instead had them write an essay on whatever topic they wanted. “This turned out to result in very high-quality work,” he said. Pasten submitted his proof to Inventiones Mathematicae, one of math’s preeminent journals, where it was accepted in just over… Continue reading Big Advance on Simple-Sounding Math Problem Was a Century in the Making
‘Quantum Memory’ Proves Exponentially Powerful
It’s not easy to study quantum systems — collections of particles that follow the counterintuitive rules of quantum mechanics. Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle, a cornerstone of quantum theory, says it’s impossible to simultaneously measure a particle’s exact position and its speed — pretty important information for understanding what’s going on. In order to study, say, a… Continue reading ‘Quantum Memory’ Proves Exponentially Powerful
Nope—It’s Never Aliens
I grew up believing in UFOs. I watched every TV show about aliens, spaceships, and aliens in spaceships. I voraciously read magazines and books on the topic, credulously soaking up everything I saw and believing it wholeheartedly because, after all, if someone published a book saying these things are real, they must be real, right?… Continue reading Nope—It’s Never Aliens
How the Human Brain Contends With the Strangeness of Zero
At first, zero caused confusion. “Its ability to represent ‘nothing’ and enable complex mathematical operations challenged deeply ingrained theological and philosophical ideas,” Nieder said. Particularly due to the influence of the church, philosophers and theologians associated “nothing” with chaos and disorder and were disinclined to accept it. Many even feared it, considering it “the devil’s… Continue reading How the Human Brain Contends With the Strangeness of Zero
Meet the First U.S. Species to Go Extinct from Sea-Level Rise
Meet the First U.S. Species to Go Extinct from Sea-Level Rise A tall cactus found only in Florida’s Key Largo is the U.S.’s first species to go extinct from sea-level rise By Ayurella Horn-Muller & Grist The Key Largo tree cactus was initially found growing in the United States in 1992 at a single site.… Continue reading Meet the First U.S. Species to Go Extinct from Sea-Level Rise